Publications

Peer reviewed

• Izzo, A.D., Richter, C.-P. Jansen, E. D. and Walsh, Jr., J.T. (2006) Laser Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve. Lasers in Medicine and Surgery 38(8):745-53.
• Izzo, A.D., Pathria, J., Suh, E., Whitlon, D.S., Walsh, Jr., J.T., Richter, C.-P. (2006) Selectivity of neural stimulation in the auditory system: a comparison of optic and electric stimuli. JBO (in press).
• Izzo, A.D., M. Bendett, M.E. Jansen, E., Jim Webb, Heather Ralph, Walsh, Jr., J.T., Richter, C.-P. (2006) Optical Parameter Variability in Laser Nerve Stimulation: a study of pulse duration, repetition rate, and wavelength. IEEE (in press).
• Teudt, I.U., Nevel, A., Izzo, A.D., Walsh, Jr., J.T., Richter, C.-P. (2007) Optical stimulation of the facial nerve – a new monitoring technique? The Laryngoscope (in press).
  
  

Proceedings Paper

• Izzo, A., Walsh, J., Richter, C.-P., Jansen, D. (2005) Optical Stimulation of the Gerbil Cochlea: Characterization of Sensory Nervous System Stimulation in an in vivo Animal Model. ASLMS.
• Izzo, A.D. Pathria, J., Suh, E., Walsh, Jr.1, J.T., Whitlon, D.S., Jansen, E. and Richter, C.-P. (2006) Selectivity of Optical Stimulation in the Auditory System. SPIE Vol. 6078, 60781P1-P7.
• Izzo, A.D., Littlefield, P., Walsh, Jr., J.T., Webb, J., Ralph, H., Bendett, M., Jansen, D.E., Richter, C.-P. (2007) Laser stimulation of auditory neurons at high repetition rate. SPIE (in press).
• Poster and oral presentations
• Richter, C.-P., Izzo, A., Walsh, J., and Jansen, D. (2005) Optically-evoked Acoustic Nerve Activity. Abstr. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol. 28, 1012 (show poster).
• Izzo, A., Richter, C.-P., Walsh, J., and Jansen, D. (2005) Safe ranges for optical cochlear neurons stimulation.  Abstr. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol. 28, 1013 (show poster).
• Richter, C.-P., Izzo, A., Walsh, J.T. and Jansen E.D. (2005) Optical stimulation of the auditory system. Neural Interfaces Workshop, Bethesda Maryland, September, 7-9 (show poster).
• Izzo, A.D. Pathria, J., Suh, E., Walsh, Jr.1, J.T., Jansen, E. and Richter, C.-P. (2006) Selectivity of Optical Stimulation in the Auditory System.Abstr. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol. 29, 96 (show poster).
• Littlefield , L., Izzo, A.D, Walsh, Jr., J.T., Jansen, D.E., Webb, J. Ralp, H., Richter, C.-P. (2006) Laser stimulation of the auditory nerve stimulation is possible at high repetition rates. NIH-Neural Interface Workshop, Bethesda 21-23 Aug. (show poster)
• Izzo, A.D. Lin, A., Oberoi, M., Walsh, Jr.1, J.T., and Richter, C.-P. (2007) Tone-on-light masking reveals spatial selectivity of optical stimulation in the gerbil cochlea.Abstr. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol. 30, 446. (show poster)
• Littlefield , L., Izzo, A.D, Mundi, J., Walsh, Jr., J.T., Jansen, D.E., Bendett, M., Webb, J. Ralp, H., Richter, C.-P.  (2007) Laser stimulation of the auditory nerve stimulation is possible at high repetition rates. Abstr. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol. 30, 356. (show poster)
• Suh, E., Agnella D. Izzo, A.D., Walsh Jr., J.T., Richter,C.-P. (2007) The role of Transient Receptor Potential channels in neural activation. Abstr. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol. 30, 109. (show poster)
• Bayon, R., Otting, M., Izzo, A.D., Walsh Jr., J.T., Richter, C.-P. (2007) Optical stimulation of the auditory nerve before and after deafening in adult gerbils.  CLO, April 9, Chicago
• Izzo, A.D., Ralph, H., Webb, J., Wells, J., Bendett, M., Walsh, Jr., J.T., E. Jansen, D., Richter, C.-P. (2007) Laser stimulation of the auditory system: selectivity and optical parameters. CIAP, July 15-20, Lake Tahoe (show poster)
• Richter, C.-P., Rodrigo, Bayon, R., Philip Littlefield, P., Izzo, A.D., Joseph T. Walsh Jr., J.T. (2007) Stimulation of the auditory nerve using optical radiation. CIAP, July 15-20, Lake Tahoe

Results - clips

Facial and sciatic nerve stimulation

The animations are made from few consecutive images, which were taken from a video captured during the experiments. Clip1 (available upon request) demonstrates the stimulation of the facial nerve. While the optical fiber is directed towards the exposed facial nerve the muscle potentials are recorded from the muscles that are innervated by the three major branches of the facial nerve. Infrared light is invisible for us. Therefore, the projection of a pilot light onto the facial nerve was used to visualize the light pulse. Correlated with the light pulse a twitch of the whiskers can be observed. Clip 2 (available upon request) shows the corresponding animation from the sciatic nerve stimulation. The sciatic nerve has been widely exposed and the optical fiber is directed towards the nerve. Again, light pulses have been visualized by a pilot light and have been enhanced in the animation. Note, the fiber is far away from the sciatic nerve and physical contact between the optical fiber and the nerve are not required. Light stimulation resulted in an active movement of the animal's leg.

Auditory nerve stimulation

Coming soon